International eSIM (recommended for short trips)
Buy online before you fly from providers such as Airalo, Holafly, Nomad or Holafly. Plans run roughly $12–18 for 10–15 GB over 15 days. Because data routes via Hong Kong or Singapore servers, Google, WhatsApp and Instagram work without a VPN. Install and activate the eSIM QR code at home — some codes fail to load once inside the firewall. Your phone keeps its home number for calls.
Chinese physical SIM (best for stays 1 month+)
At airport counters or city stores of China Unicom (green), China Mobile (red) or China Telecom: bring your passport — a face scan and registration are required. You get a local number (useful for Didi rides and food delivery apps) plus data for ~¥40–100/month. Popular tourist packages: 10 GB/15 days around ¥85–130. Carry the passport with you when buying.
Wi-Fi & hotspot
Free Wi-Fi is common in hotels, malls, airports and metros (often needs a local number for SMS verification). A pocket Wi-Fi rental (~¥30/day) is a solid backup for groups.
VPN note
If you rely on your home carrier's roaming instead of an eSIM, install a VPN before arrival. Google Play / Apple App Store downloads of VPN apps may be restricted inside China — do it at home.
Quick tips
Install & test your eSIM before boarding. Keep your original SIM for SMS. Download offline maps (maps.me, Baidu Maps EN) and a translation app before you land.